Aluminium/Aluminum (Al)
General Properties
| Symbol | Al |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 13 |
| Atomic Weight | 26.9815386 |
| Group |
13 (boron family)
IIIB (IUPAC), IIIA (CAS)
Solid, Paramagnetic, Conductor, Metal, Stable, Natural, Poor Metal
|
| Period | 3 |
| Block | p |
Physical Properties
| Density | 2.7 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 10.0 cm3/mole |
| Atomic Radius | 1.43 angstroms |
| Covalent Radius | 118 pm |
| Crust Abundance | 8.1% |
| Crystal Structure | Cubic: Face centered |
| Color | Silver |
States
| Melting Point | 660.0 °C |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 2467.0 °C |
| Heat of Fusion | 10.7 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 290.8 kJ/mol |
Energy
| Electronegativity | 1.6 (Pauling Scale) |
|---|---|
| Electron Affinity | 42.5 kJ/mol |
| 1st Ionization Energy | 580 kJ/mol |
| 2nd Ionization Energy | 1816.7 kJ/mol |
| 3rd Ionization Energy | 2744.8 kJ/mol |
| 4th Ionization Energy | 11577 kJ/mol |
| 5th Ionization Energy | 14842 kJ/mol |
| 6th Ionization Energy | 18379 kJ/mol |
| 7th Ionization Energy | 23326 kJ/mol |
| 8th Ionization Energy | 27465 kJ/mol |
| 9th Ionization Energy | 31853 kJ/mol |
| 10th Ionization Energy | 38473 kJ/mol |
| 11th Ionization Energy | 42647 kJ/mol |
| 12th Ionization Energy | 201266 kJ/mol |
| 13th Ionization Energy | 222316 kJ/mol |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.9 J g−1 K−1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 237.0 W·m−1·K−1 |
Electrons & Oxidation
| Oxidation States | 3 |
|---|---|
| Electrons Per Shell | 2 8 3 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 | |
|
Orbital Diagram
1s ↿⇂ 2s ↿⇂ 2p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3s ↿⇂ 3p ↿ 3d |
|
Nuclear
| Radioactive | No |
|---|
Media
- Description
- Soft, lightweight, silvery-white metal. Third most abundant element in the earth's crust.
- Uses
- Used for many purposes from airplanes to beverage cans. Too soft in its pure form so less than 1% of silicon or iron is added, which hardens and strengthens it.
- Sources
- Never occurs in free form. Obtained by electrolysis from bauxite (Al2O3).
- Pronounciation (English)
- ah-LOO-men-em
Translations
| Afrikaans | Aluminium | |
| Aragonese | Aluminio | |
| العربية | الومينيوم | |
| Armãneashte | Aluminiumu | |
| asturianu | Aluminiu | |
| azərbaycan | Alüminium | |
| български | Алуминий | |
| বাংলা | অ্যালুমিনিয়াম | |
| brezhoneg | Aluminiom | |
| bosanski | Aluminij[um] | |
| Byelorussian | Алюміній | |
| Cebuano | Aluminio | |
| čeština | Hliník | |
| Chuvash | Алюмини | |
| Cymraeg | Alumini | |
| dansk | Aluminium | |
| Deutsch | Aluminium | |
| Ελληνικά | Αργιλιο | |
| English | Aluminium/Aluminum | |
| esperanto | Aluminio | |
| español | Alumínio | |
| eesti | Alumiinium | |
| euskara | Aluminioa | |
| فارسی | آلومینیم | |
| suomi | Alumiini | |
| føroyskt | Aluminium | |
| français | Aluminium | |
| furlan | Alumini | |
| Frysk | Aluminium | |
| Gaeilge | Alúmanam | |
| Gàidhlig | Alùmanam | |
| galego | Aluminio | |
| ગુજરાતી | એલ્યુમિનિયમનો | |
| Gaelg | Ollymin | |
| Hakka Chinese | Lî (鋁) | |
| עברית | אלומיניום | |
| हिन्दी | एल्युमिनियम | |
| hrvatski | Aluminij | |
| magyar | Alumínium | |
| հայերեն | Ալյումինում | |
| Indonesia | Aluminium | |
| íslenska | Ál | |
| italiano | Alluminio | |
| 日本語 | アルミニウム | |
| ქართული | ალუმინი | |
| کٲشُر | Aluminijô | |
| қазақ тілі | Алюминий | |
| 한국어 | 알루미늄 | |
| kurdî | Bafûn | |
| Komi | Алюминий | |
| kernewek | Alumynyum | |
| кыргызча | Алюминий | |
| Latin | Aluminium | |
| Lëtzebuergesch | Aluminium | |
| Lombard | Alümíni | |
| lingála | Aluminyu | |
| lietuvių | Aliuminis | |
| latviešu | Alumīnijs | |
| Mari | Алюминий | |
| Māori | Konumohe | |
| македонски | Алуминиум | |
| മലയാളം | അലൂമിനിയം | |
| монгол | Хөнгөн цагаан | |
| Мокшан | Алюмини | |
| Melayu | Aluminium | |
| Malti | Aluminju[m] | |
| Nahuatl | Aluminio | |
| Nederlands | Aluminium | |
| norsk | Aluminium | |
| Occitan | Alumini | |
| ирон | Алюминий | |
| polski | Glin | |
| português | Alumínio | |
| Runasimi | Ch'aqu q'illay, ²Sañumi, ³Aluminyu | |
| română | Aluminiu | |
| русский | Алюминий | |
| slovenčina | Hlinník | |
| slovenščina | Aluminij | |
| Samoan | Aluminimi | |
| Samogitian | Aliomėnis | |
| shqip | Alumin | |
| српски | Алуминијум | |
| Southern Sotho | Aluminiamo | |
| svenska | Aluminium | |
| Kiswahili | Alumini | |
| தமிழ் | அலூமீனியம் | |
| тоҷикӣ | Алюминий | |
| ไทย | อะลูมิเนียม | |
| Türkçe | Alüminyum | |
| ئۇيغۇرچە | ئاليۇمىن | |
| українська | Алюміній | |
| o‘zbek | Alyuminiy | |
| Tiếng Việt | Nhốm | |
| Võro | Alumiinium | |
| 中文 | 鋁 |
History
- Discovered In
- 1825
- Discovered By
- Hans Christian Oersted
- Discovered At
- Denmark
- Word Origin
- From the Latin word "alumen" meaning "alum"